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Mary Robinson (poet)

Mary Robinson (poet)

Mary Robinson (née Darby; 27 November 1757 – 26 December 1800) was an English actress, poet, dramatist, novelist and celebrity figure. She lived in England, in the cities of Bristol and London; she also lived in France and Germany for a time. She enjoyed poetry from the age of seven and started working, first as a teacher and then as an actress, from the age of 14. She wrote many plays, poems and novels. She was a celebrity, gossiped about in newspapers, famous for her acting and writing. During her lifetime she was known as "the English Sappho". She earned her nickname "Perdita" for her role as Perdita (heroine of Shakespeare's The Winter's Tale) in 1779, and was the first public mistress of King George IV while he was still Prince of Wales.

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Banastre Tarleton

Banastre Tarleton

배내스터 탈턴(Banastre Tarleton, 1754년 8월 21일 - 1833년 1월 25일)은 영국군 군인, 정치인, 준남작, 바스 훈장 수장자이다. 탈턴은 미국 독립 전쟁 중 종군으로 가장 잘 기억되고 있다. 왁스호 전투에서 항복한 대륙군 병사에게 발포했다고 주장하는 대륙군 측의 선전 공격의 중심이 되었다. 로버트 D. 버스가 1952년에 출판한 《그린 드래군: 배내스터 탈턴과 메리 로빈슨의 생애》(The Green Dragoon: The Lives of Banastre Tarleton and Mary Robinson)라는 책에서 ‘블러디 밴’(Bloody Ban)과 ‘백정’(The Butcher)이라는 별명이 붙은 당시 그의 별명은 오늘 날 대중문화에도 널리 사용되어 왔다.

탈턴은 왕당파나 영국군에게는 뛰어난 경기병 리더로 환호를 받았고, 우세한 적과 조우했을 때 보여준, 그 전술 능력과 결단력을 칭송받았다. 그가 입은 녹색 제복은 1778년에 점령하고 있던 뉴욕에서 결성한 식민지 부대 브리티시 지역의 표준이었다. 탈턴 기병대는 ‘탈턴의 습격자’라고 불렸다.

전후 탈턴은 리버풀에서 영국 의회 의원에 선출된 저명한 휘그당 정치인이 되었다.

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Mary Robinson (poet)

Mary Robinson (poet)
 

George Capel-Coningsby, 5th Earl of Essex

George Capel-Coningsby, 5th Earl of Essex

George Capel-Coningsby, 5th Earl of Essex FSA (13 November 1757 – 23 April 1839) was an English aristocrat and politician, and styled Viscount Malden until 1799. His surname was Capell until 1781.

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Mary Robinson (poet)

Mary Robinson (poet)
 

George IV of the United Kingdom

George IV of the United Kingdom

조지 4세(영어: George Augustus Frederick, 1762년 8월 12일 ~ 1830년 6월 26일)는 영국의 국왕이자 하노버 왕국의 국왕이었다. 1811년부터 즉위하기 전까지 조지 4세는 아버지가 말년에 정신 질환을 앓을 동안 섭정왕자를 맡았다. 조지 3세와 샬럿 왕비의 맏이이다. 웨일스 공 프레더릭의 첫 손주이자 장손으로 윌리엄 4세의 형이고 빅토리아 여왕의 큰아버지이다.

조지 4세는 영국 국왕 조지 3세와 샬럿 왕비의 맏이이자 장남으로 태어났다. 조지 4세는 섭정시대 유행에 일조한 사치스러운 생활을 하였다. 조지 4세는 새로운 여가 방식, 스타일, 취향을 후원하기도 했다. 조지 4세는 존 나쉬에게 브라이튼의 로열 파빌리언 건축과 버킹엄 궁전 개보수를, 제프리 와이엇빌 경에게는 윈저성의 개보수를 의뢰하였다. 조지 4세의 매력과 교양은 그로 하여금 "잉글랜드의 첫번째 신사"라는 칭호를 얻게끔 했으나, 그의 방종한 생활 방식, 부모와 아내 브라운슈바이크의 캐롤라인과의 불순한 관계는 사람들의 경멸을 샀으며, 왕실의 품격을 떨어뜨렸다.

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Mary Robinson (poet)

Mary Robinson (poet)
 

Charles James Fox

Charles James Fox

Charles James Fox (24 January 1749 – 13 September 1806), styled The Honourable from 1762, was an English Whig politician and statesman whose parliamentary career spanned 38 years of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. He was the arch-rival of the Tory politician William Pitt the Younger; his father Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland, a leading Whig of his day, had similarly been the great rival of Pitt's famous father, William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham ("Pitt the Elder").

Fox rose to prominence in the House of Commons as a forceful and eloquent speaker with a notorious and colourful private life, though at that time with rather conservative and conventional opinions. However, with the coming of the American War of Independence and the influence of the Whig Edmund Burke, Fox's opinions evolved into some of the most radical to be aired in the British Parliament of his era.

Fox became a prominent and staunch opponent of King George III, whom he regarded as an aspiring tyrant. He supported the American Patriots and even dressed in the colours of George Washington's army. Briefly serving as Britain's first Foreign Secretary during the ministry of the Marquess of Rockingham in 1782, he returned to the post in a coalition government with his old enemy, Lord North, in 1783. However, the King forced Fox and North out of government before the end of the year and replaced them with the 24-year-old Pitt the Younger. Fox spent the following 22 years facing Pitt and the government from the opposition benches of the House of Commons.

Though Fox had little interest in the actual exercise of power and spent almost the entirety of his political career in opposition, he became noted as an anti-slavery campaigner, a supporter of the French Revolution and a leading parliamentary advocate of religious tolerance and individual liberty. His friendship with his mentor, Burke, and his parliamentary credibility were both casualties of Fox's support for France during the French Revolutionary Wars, but Fox went on to attack Pitt's wartime legislation and to defend the liberty of religious minorities and political radicals. After Pitt's death in January 1806, Fox served briefly as Foreign Secretary in the 'Ministry of All the Talents' of William Grenville before he died on 13 September 1806, aged 57.

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